English
Sergey Ivanovich Malyshev
* 1884
† 1967
Sergey Ivanovich Malyshev
Malyshev, Sergey Ivanovich (1884-1967)
S. Malyshev was born on 30 April (12 May) 1884 in the Puzachi Village of the Kursk province. His interest for entomology appeared as early as childhood. Being a schoolboy, he conducted a study of topographic ability of insects published many years later (see his paper of 1908). In 1905, S. Malyshev entered the St. Petersburg University. After finishing it, he worked in the Chair for Zoology of this University for some time. In 1914, he defended the doctoral dissertation «The Life and Instincts of Ceratina» (see 1913a) in the Yuryev [at present, Tartu) University, where worked as a private-docent and gave lectures on entomology till 1917. In 1918, S. Malyshev was invited in the P. F. Lesshaft Research Institute in Petrograd (after 1924, Leningrad) for investigations of in the fields of ethology and ecology of animals.
In 1920, S. Malyshev organised the Zoopsychological Station of the Lesshaft Institute in the Borisovka Village (Kursk province). Later, this station under the name «Les na Vorskle» (Forest near the Vorskla River) became one of the first state nature reserves in the USSR (at present, the Stationary for Students Summer Practice of the Biological Faculty of the St. Petersburg University). In 1928-1937, S. Malyshev gave the course «Beneficial Insects» in the Leningrad (at present, St. Petersburg) University; in 1938, organised the Khoper State Nature Reserve (Voronezh province); in 1938-1950, headed the Laboratory for Insect Biology in the I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology (in Koltushi near Leningrad); in 1951-1955, was a member of the Group for Zoopsychological Studies in the P. F. Lesshaft Research Institute; later, was a researcher in the I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology. He suddenly died on 9 May 1967, being on his way to the Khoper Nature Reserve.
In 1911-1947, mostly in the two above-mentioned reserves («Les na Vorskle» and «Khoper»), S. Malyshev conducted a series of his excellent studies of the nesting and behaviour of the aculeate hymenopterans, mostly bees: Ceratina callosa (see 1912, 1913a), Melitta leporina (see 1923a), Colletes cunicularius, C. constictus, and C. daviesanus (see 1923c, 1927a), Tetralonia malvae and T. dentata (see 1924, 1930a), Panurginus labiatus (see 1925a), Systropha planides and S. curvicornis (see 1925b), Anthophora acervorum, A. pubescens, A. bimaculata, and A. furcata (see 1925c, 1928d), Melitturga clavicornis (see 1925d), Rhophitoides canus and Rophites hartmanni (see 1926b), Andrena ovina, A. bimaculata, A. florea, and A. cineraria (see 1926c), Dasypoda plumipes (see 1927b), Macropis fulvipes and M. labiata (see 1929), Lithurgus fuscipennis (see 1930b), Xylocopa valga and X. iris (see 1931a, 1947a), Osmia [s. l.] tridentata, O. parvula, O. adunca, O. leaiana, O. jucunda, O. rufa, and O. coerulescens (see 1937). Most of the studies above were summarised in his classical monograph in English «The Nesting Habits of Solitary Bees. A Comparative Study» (see 1936). One should mentioned also the important publications of S. Malyshev treated on the methods for the study of the biology of bees and wasps (see 1913b, 1931b, 1933) and the classification of their nests (see 1921, 1936). Owing to these investigations, he became the most authoritative person in the field of the biology of bees in the World in that time.
In the 2nd period of his academician activity (since 1948), S. Malyshev published a series of articles (see 1950, 1951, 1964a) and books (see 1959a, 1966) on the origin and evolution of bees and other Hymenoptera. However, his ideas in this topic, based only on biological data, often contradicted the morphological ones and, on this reason, were not accepted by most specialists. In all, S. Malyshev published 83 papers, including 4 books; of them 49 papers deal with melittology.
Published biography and bibliography: Strel'nikov, I. D. (1968). - Ent. Obozrenie (Leningrad), 47 (3): 688-693 [in Russian. English translation: Ent. Review (Washington), 47: 421-424].
aus Denisia 11/2003
